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Balance shapes. If you make both of the inner forms (counters) of the 'B' exactly the same, the top counter will optically look bigger. Your character will look plumby, like it's falling down. If you make the top counter smaller than the bottom one, your character looks much more balanced.
如果你把字母“B”上下兩個(gè)內(nèi)部形狀（字懷）弄得完全一樣，上面的字懷在視覺(jué)上就會(huì)更大。你的字母看上去就好像站立不穩(wěn)，搖搖欲墜。如果你把上面的字懷弄得小一些，整個(gè)字符看起來(lái)會(huì)更平衡。
The counter of the 'B' doesn't have to be exactly the same as the counter of the 'P' for example. If you would make them exactly the same, the right sidebearing of the P would be much too big. So you have to balance the black and white spaces in every character separately. However, there must be a relationship between the amount of white space inside a 'B' and inside a 'P'.
同樣的，字母“B”字母“P”的字懷也不需要完全一樣。如果兩者完全一樣，“P”的右部空間就顯得太大了。所以對(duì)每個(gè)字符的黑白空間你都要進(jìn)行單獨(dú)的平衡。但是，“B”和“P”兩者內(nèi)部白空間的大小一定存在著某種關(guān)聯(lián)。
About making a lowercase 'r': it's not an 'n' with an amputated leg. Your 'r' can get very weak and soft in that way. You can make it much stronger if you let the ending of the 'r' follow the horizontal reading direction. In that way, the space on the right side of the 'r' will be more open, and more balanced. It will not disturb the rhythm of your type because the right sidebearing can be much smaller. The whole letter can be made more narrow as well. As a consequence the white space in the top of the 'r' could be has to be changed. In case you change that form, optically you'll not confuse the 'r' so quickly with the 'n' as well.
說(shuō)到怎樣做一個(gè)小寫(xiě)的“r”：它絕對(duì)不是一個(gè)把一邊腿鋸斷的“n”。如果那樣做，你的“r”會(huì)被弄得非常的虛弱。如果你讓“r”的末筆順著水平的閱讀方向，就可以讓它看上去更健壯。同時(shí)“r”的右部空間會(huì)更開(kāi)放，更平衡。這不會(huì)有損于字體的節(jié)奏，因?yàn)椤皉”右部的安全空間可以設(shè)置得非常小。整個(gè)字母可以做的更窄。這樣一來(lái)，“r”頂部的白空間就不得不改變。形狀改變之后還有一個(gè)好處，你就不會(huì)在匆匆一瞥之下把“r”錯(cuò)看成“n”。
譯注：
sidebearing 字符前后預(yù)留的安全空間（或者叫緩沖區(qū)），以避免前后字符筆畫(huà)發(fā)生碰撞。分為左部空間和右部空間。
參考鏈接：http://www.myfirstfont.com/glossary.html
英文原文
本文鏈接：http://www.95time.cn/design/doc/2007/5159.asp 
出處：藍(lán)色理想
責(zé)任編輯：tada
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