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Italic vs. cursive. A roman font can be slanted (having an angle) and a cursive font can be upright (totally vertical like a roman). Urgh!
一個(gè)羅馬體(roman,通常也被譯作”正體“)可以是傾斜的(有一定的傾角),而一個(gè)草寫(xiě)體可以是豎直的(就好像是一個(gè)正體一樣)。呃?!
The angle doesn't decide if a character is a 'roman' character or an 'cursive' character. This depends on the construction. To make it a bit more clear, take a look at the four big n's. As you would expect, the first letter is a roman character. But the second one as well. Although it's not totally vertical, it still has the same construction as the first 'n'. This is called a slanted roman. The third 'n' looks like an cursive, but also this one is not a real cursive. Basicly there is no difference between the second and third 'n', only some parts of the serifs have been cut off.
傾角并不能決定一個(gè)字母是一個(gè)“羅馬體”還是一個(gè)“草寫(xiě)體”。關(guān)鍵在于其結(jié)構(gòu)。要理解這一點(diǎn),看看下面四個(gè)大n。你想的沒(méi)錯(cuò),第一個(gè)是一個(gè)羅馬體。但第二個(gè)同樣也是,雖然它并不是完全的豎直,它和第一個(gè)n擁有同樣的結(jié)構(gòu)。這種情形我們叫做傾斜的羅馬體。第三個(gè)n看起來(lái)很象草寫(xiě)體了。但它實(shí)際上還不是一個(gè)真正的草寫(xiě)體。總的來(lái)說(shuō)第三個(gè)n和第二個(gè)并沒(méi)有多大區(qū)別,只是襯線的個(gè)別部分被切掉了而已。
Compare the first three letters with the last 'n'. That's a real cursive. The big difference with the previous three is the construction. The first three are constructed from separate pen strokes. The last 'n' is constructed out of one pen stroke. This is the basic difference between roman and cursive fonts. Not the angle, but the construction.
與前面三個(gè)n相比,最后一個(gè)n才是真正的草寫(xiě)體。它們之間最大的區(qū)別在于結(jié)構(gòu)。前三個(gè)n的各個(gè)筆畫(huà)之間都是獨(dú)立的。最后一個(gè)n完全是一筆寫(xiě)成的。這就是羅馬體和草寫(xiě)體之間最根本的區(qū)別:不在于傾角,而在于結(jié)構(gòu)。
Many different explanations can be given for the difference between a 'cursive' and 'italic' from a historical point of view. However we consider this as the big difference: 'italic' is concerning the function, 'cursive' is concerning the construction. Almost anything can work as an 'italic', it doesn't even necessarily needs an angle. When making a font family with a roman and an italic font, the italic font can be constructed in many different ways. The third 'n' in the example could probably function perfectly as an italic inside your family. But don't forget, it's not always a real cursive when it's called 'italic'.
如果要從歷史的視角來(lái)探討草寫(xiě)體和“意大利體”之間的區(qū)別,那就說(shuō)來(lái)話長(zhǎng)了。但我們可以從這個(gè)角度來(lái)考慮:“意大利體”關(guān)乎功能,而“草寫(xiě)體”關(guān)乎結(jié)構(gòu)。幾乎任何字體都可以當(dāng)成一個(gè)“意大利體”來(lái)使用,甚至根本不需要有什么傾角。當(dāng)你制作一個(gè)包含“羅馬體”和“意大利體”的字體家族時(shí),這個(gè)“意大利體”可以用各種不同的方式來(lái)構(gòu)建。圖例中的第三個(gè)n也許就是你字體家族中一個(gè)完美的“意大利體”。但不要忘了,一個(gè)叫做“意大利體”的字體不一定是一個(gè)草寫(xiě)體。
譯注:這篇翻的比較別扭。roman一般譯作“正體”,italic譯作“斜體”,嚴(yán)格來(lái)講都不是準(zhǔn)確的翻譯,但卻已經(jīng)是約定俗成的翻譯了。正確的翻譯應(yīng)該是“羅馬體”和“意大利體”。在Windows上,對(duì)99%的用戶來(lái)說(shuō),italic就是斜體的意思,word里面甚至為所有字體都提供了一個(gè)“斜體”的功能。但實(shí)際上“意大利體”指的是一類字體的統(tǒng)稱,并且也并非所有的“意大利體”都是傾斜的。西方拉丁文字系統(tǒng)最早在古羅馬帝國(guó)形成完整的體系,代表作品就是古羅馬的石刻文字,非常莊嚴(yán)而典雅。而后來(lái)意大利人從手寫(xiě)體中發(fā)展出了意大利體。隨著印刷術(shù)的發(fā)展,意大利體一般用來(lái)作為正文字體的一種特殊強(qiáng)調(diào)樣式,用于注釋、引文之類的場(chǎng)合,與正文字體相區(qū)別。因此許多比較完備的字體家族都提供了一個(gè)叫做“意大利體”的變體,和其正體(羅馬體)相比,有些字體中的“意大利體”的字形完全是經(jīng)過(guò)重新設(shè)計(jì)的,而不僅僅是傾斜那么簡(jiǎn)單。)
要了解更多有關(guān)意大利體的信息,可以參看下面這篇文章。 http://www.logosky.net/webpage/artreview/italic_font_20060916.htm
英文原文
本文鏈接:http://www.95time.cn/design/doc/2007/5149.asp
出處:藍(lán)色理想
責(zé)任編輯:tada
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